练过的材料
- 课前静态组图（音乐销量与年龄组）
- 课前出行方式图（journey to school）
- 咖啡产地/消费饼图（coffee production & consumption）
- 教育中心课程饼图（education center courses）
- CO2 人均排放动态线图（1967–2007，四个国家）
写作 · 2026-01-30
张宇墨同学的课程学习报告
雅思小作文：静态图/动态图分段、冠词、数值表达、with复合结构、课后新题
课后复习模块
词汇和表达
- dominant / predominant / prevalent / leading / the most popular / the most favored / the most preferred：占主导/最流行的（用来替换重复词）
- means of transport：交通方式（不要写 feature）
- the figures for...：……的数据（figure 用 for，不用 of）
- contributed the largest share of / attracted the largest share of：占最大比例/吸引最多……
- with + 名词 + being/doing：把次要信息变成状语。例：Classical music was the most popular, with the sales being 4.5 million.
- A, B, and C 列举：最后一项 and 前要加逗号。
纠错重点
- classical music（music 类型前不加 the）
- classical music was the most popular, with the figure being 4.5 million
- the figures for the sales of ... were ...
- Walking was the dominant means of transport.
- ... was the dominant means of transport
- the figures for them were at the same level
可回读产出
- 本节课写作文章改进版：课前静态组图句子；Classical music was the most popular category, with the sales being 4.5 million. The figures for the sales of rock music, pop music and classical music were at a similar level, reaching around 4.5 million.
- 雅思小作文 Task 1：课前静态组图句子；Classical music was the most popular category, with the sales being 4.5 million. The figures for the sales of rock music, pop music and classical music were at a similar level, reaching around 4.5 million.
课后动作
- 改写一篇静态柱图：journey to school（重点改分段、冠词、means of transport、hardly 倒装、时态）。
- 新写一篇静态饼图：education center courses（可对照 coffee 范文改写，注意把 modern language 改成复数 courses 以避免三单动词加 s）。
- 新写一篇动态线图：average carbon dioxide emissions per person in four different countries from 1967 to 2007（开头段用 illustrate changes in，按下降组/上升组分段）。
一、课堂推进时间轴
1
课前静态组图逐句改错
课堂推进：老师逐句检查学生课前写的静态组图小作文，指出 classical music 前不用加 the、sales 是不可数名词、不能用逗号连接两个完整句子等问题。
老师处理：逐句审阅课前作文，解释冠词、不可数名词、主谓一致和逗号粘连错误。
学生原始输出：what's group the classical music / classical music.What's the most popular? The figure of it was... / the sales of ... was at ... / similar level reaching / most age group
老师示范 / 修改方向：classical music 前不加 the；sales 不可数，若想说多个数据可用 the figures for the sales of...；逗号前后不能都是完整句子，应改成 with the figure being 4.5 million 或 with the sales being 4.5 million。
复习抓手：music 类型前不加 the；sales 是不可数名词；with + 名词 + being 可解决逗号粘连
2
数值表达与介词规则小结
课堂推进：老师总结描述数据时可用的词：figure、data、statistics、percentage、proportion、number、amount、sales、production、consumption、profits，并强调 figure 用 for，其他数值词用 of。
老师处理：系统梳理数值名词和介词搭配规则。
学生原始输出：figure / data / sales / percentage / number / amount（学生笔记）
老师示范 / 修改方向：figure 是可数名词，搭配 for，如 the figures for the sales of...；其他如 the percentage of、the proportion of、the number of、the amount of、the sales of 都加 of。
复习抓手：figure 可数，用 the figure for；data/statistics 不可数；具体数量词：number+可数名词，amount+不可数名词
3
with 复合结构讲解与造句
课堂推进：老师用逗号粘连问题引出 with 复合结构，说明如何把次要信息/数据降级为状语，并让学生用“城市人口变多、经济发展”练习。
老师处理：解释非谓语（现在分词/过去分词），示范 with + 名词 + doing，让学生造句并纠正。
学生原始输出：The cities economy increasing with the with the rising about the population.
老师示范 / 修改方向：The city's economy increased, with its population rising.（老师同时提醒：with 后放的是原因或次要信息）
复习抓手：with + 名词 + 现在分词构成复合结构；with 后常放次要数据或原因
4
第二篇出行方式图改错
课堂推进：老师改第二篇关于 journeys to school 的作文，指出逗号后不应大写、the figure for walking 不应作主语、feature 应改为 means of transport 等问题。
老师处理：逐句改错并让学生口头复述正确句子。
学生原始输出：The chart illustrates the statistics regarding the journeys. / In the last group The figure four walking was the dominant. / The first group walking was the dominant means, which was selected by... Two which children / the distance up to / car and bus were the most popular means of transportation, and they were in the similar level
老师示范 / 修改方向：In the last group, walking was the dominant means of transport, which was selected by 90% of children living up to one mile from school. The figures for car and bus were at the same level.
复习抓手：只有新句子开头才大写；图表项目名（walking）作主语最自然；means of transport 才是交通方式；要交代清楚定语，不能默认读者知道
5
读者责任与定语交代
课堂推进：老师用“老师教学生”作类比，强调写作文不能省略关键信息，比如 distance 必须说明是“离学校多远”，否则读者看不懂。
老师处理：用类比说明读者视角，解释为什么不能省略前文已出现的信息。
学生原始输出：（学生问）我上一段刚写过这一段，能不能不写？
老师示范 / 修改方向：不能省略。必须写清楚，如 90% of children living up to one mile from school。
复习抓手：读者没义务记住上一段内容；关键名词后必须加定语；distance 等词要明确是哪两点之间的距离
6
静态图分段原则
课堂推进：老师讲解静态图按“最大值”分组：谁最大先写谁，不用从左到右。用能源图等示例练习。
老师处理：展示多个静态图，让学生判断按最大值如何分段。
学生原始输出：fossil fuel 最大 / 按谁最大去分
老师示范 / 修改方向：静态图按最大值分；例如 fossil fuel 占最大的一组，其余归另一组。
复习抓手：静态图按最大值分段；从数最大的项目开始写
7
动态图分段原则
课堂推进：老师讲解动态图按趋势分组：只看首尾，上升/下降/不变各一段；若趋势全相同可按数值大小分。
老师处理：用多个动态线图/柱状图示例让学生练习分组。
学生原始输出：游泳一段、网球一段…… / 蓝的单写一段，红的黄的写一段
老师示范 / 修改方向：按趋势分：下降的一组、上升的一组；若全为上升，可按数值大小分为高/低两组。
复习抓手：动态图按趋势分段；只看起点和终点；趋势相同时可按数值大小分
8
出行方式图细节再改
课堂推进：老师继续改出行方式图：level 前用 at；car and bus 不是主语在同水平，而是它们的数据；hardly 句首需半倒装；prefer 要用过去式 preferred。
老师处理：改具体表达和时态，讲解 hardly/seldom/rarely/few 的半倒装。
学生原始输出：car and bus were the most popular means of transportation, and they were in the similar level / hardly anyone / people prefer bus / they were more more likely to
老师示范 / 修改方向：the figures for them were at the same level；Hardly did anyone walk；people preferred...；they were more likely to choose walking。
复习抓手：at the same level；hardly 放句首用半倒装 Hardly did anyone walk；prefer 过去式 preferred；be likely to do
9
咖啡饼图数据核对与表达
课堂推进：老师检查学生课前/昨天写的咖啡饼图，指出列表逗号用法，并纠正学生因复制粘贴把地区写错的问题。
老师处理：核对范文与学生作文，纠正地名和数据对应错误。
学生原始输出：mean half of the total / On the second page, again, the United Europe also consumed the largest share of coffee. / concentrated in Europe / rang the second South Asia
老师示范 / 修改方向：列举最后一项前加逗号：..., and ...；第一张图 production 应 concentrated in South America；复制范文时必须把地区/数据改对。
复习抓手：列举 A, B, and C 中 and 前加逗号；复制范文要替换具体地名和数据；concentrated in 表示集中于
10
新任务：静态饼图与动态线图
课堂推进：老师布置新的静态饼图（教育中心课程）和动态线图（CO2 排放），讲解如何把它们写成静态或动态、如何改写开头段、如何确定主语避免三单加 s。
老师处理：讲解教育中心饼图句子、动态线图开头段改写，并说明课后需写三篇作文。
学生原始输出：consume the largest share of a total in / modern language courses / the graph illustrates changes in average carbon dioxide emissions...
老师示范 / 修改方向：Modern language courses contributed the largest share of students at this education center. Another popular course was local history, with the percentage at 22%. The graph illustrates changes in average carbon dioxide emissions per person in four different countries from 1967 to 2007.
复习抓手：静态饼图可用 course 作主语并改用复数避免三单；动态图开头段用 illustrate changes in；时间状语 from...to 与 between...and 可互换
11
课堂状态沟通与课后任务确认
课堂推进：老师发现学生状态困倦，沟通后确认继续上课，并布置课后三篇写作任务。
老师处理：询问学生是否困倦、确认继续授课；布置课后改写与写作任务。
学生原始输出：我昨晚没没有睡……太困了……您就讲，您什么时候讲，我今天肯定都讲
老师示范 / 修改方向：老师表示可以分段写、允许学生直接提出异议，并安排课后完成：改一篇静态柱图、写一篇静态饼图、写一篇动态线图。
复习抓手：关注学生身体状态；降低修改焦虑；课后作业分步骤完成
二、本节课亮点表现
music（音乐）类型前不加 the：rock music、pop music、classical music 直接写。
sales（销量）是不可数名词，想表达“多个数据”要说 the figures for the sales of...
figure（数据）是唯一加 for 的词，如 the figure for walking；其他 percentage、proportion、number、amount 都加 of。
逗号不能连接两个完整句子，可用 with 复合结构把次要信息变成状语：with the sales being 4.5 million。
写小作文时要用读者视角，关键名词后必须加定语，不能默认读者记得图的内容。
静态图（static chart）按最大值分段，动态图（dynamic chart）按趋势（上升/下降/不变）分段。
hardly（几乎不）放句首要用半倒装：Hardly did anyone walk。
动态图开头段可改写为：The graph illustrates changes in ... from ... to ...
三、本节课用了哪些材料
- 课前静态组图（音乐销量与年龄组）
- 课前出行方式图（journey to school）
- 咖啡产地/消费饼图（coffee production & consumption）
- 教育中心课程饼图（education center courses）
- CO2 人均排放动态线图（1967–2007，四个国家）
四、学生课堂输出
课堂内容
what's group the classical music / classical music.What's the most popular? The figure of it was... / the sales of ... was at ... / similar level reaching / most age group
课堂内容
The cities economy increasing with the with the rising about the population.
课堂内容
The chart illustrates the statistics regarding the journeys. / In the last group The figure four walking was the dominant. / The first group walking was the dominant means, which was selected by... Two which children / the distance up to / car and bus were the most popular means of transportation, and they were in the similar level
课堂内容
mean half of the total / On the second page, again, the United Europe also consumed the largest share of coffee. / concentrated in Europe / rang the second South Asia
课堂内容
consume the largest share of a total in
五、本节课写作文章改进版
本改进版按课堂实际讲解整理，供宇墨同学课后复习使用。课堂未形成完整最终定稿，因此这是“按已讲方向整理的课后复习改进版”。
课前静态组图句子
Classical music was the most popular category, with the sales being 4.5 million. The figures for the sales of rock music, pop music and classical music were at a similar level, reaching around 4.5 million.
with 复合结构示例
The city's economy increased, with its population rising.
出行方式图段落
In the first group, walking was the dominant means of transport, which was selected by 90% of children living up to one mile from school. In the last group, car and bus were the most popular means of transportation, and the figures for them were at the same level. Hardly did anyone walk there; people preferred cars and buses, and they were more likely to choose those means than walking.
咖啡饼图数据核对
On the first page, coffee production was concentrated in South America, which made up half of the total. South Asia ranked second, followed by Oceania, Asia, and Africa. On the second page, Europe consumed the largest share of coffee.
教育中心饼图句子
Modern language courses contributed the largest share of students at this education center. Another popular course was local history, with the percentage at 22%.
动态线图开头段
The graph illustrates changes in average carbon dioxide emissions per person in four different countries from 1967 to 2007.
六、本节课纠错
| 原句问题 | 推荐表达 | 记忆方法 |
|---|---|---|
| the classical music | classical music（music 类型前不加 the） | |
| classical music was the most popular, the figure of it was... | classical music was the most popular, with the figure being 4.5 million | |
| the sales of ... was ...（sales 表多个数据） | the figures for the sales of ... were ... | |
| The figure four walking was the dominant. | Walking was the dominant means of transport. | |
| ... was the dominant feature | ... was the dominant means of transport | |
| car and bus were ... in the similar level | the figures for them were at the same level | |
| hardly anyone walked / hardly anyone was walked | Hardly did anyone walk. | |
| people prefer bus | people preferred cars and buses | |
| concentrated in Europe | concentrated in South America | |
| ... Asia and other regions | ..., Asia, and other regions（and 前加逗号） |
七、定稿作文 / 改写方向
雅思小作文 Task 1 课堂未产出完整最终定稿，已按讲解方向整理课后复习改进版
课前静态组图句子
Classical music was the most popular category, with the sales being 4.5 million. The figures for the sales of rock music, pop music and classical music were at a similar level, reaching around 4.5 million.
with 复合结构示例
The city's economy increased, with its population rising.
出行方式图段落
In the first group, walking was the dominant means of transport, which was selected by 90% of children living up to one mile from school. In the last group, car and bus were the most popular means of transportation, and the figures for them were at the same level. Hardly did anyone walk there; people preferred cars and buses, and they were more likely to choose those means than walking.
咖啡饼图数据核对
On the first page, coffee production was concentrated in South America, which made up half of the total. South Asia ranked second, followed by Oceania, Asia, and Africa. On the second page, Europe consumed the largest share of coffee.
教育中心饼图句子
Modern language courses contributed the largest share of students at this education center. Another popular course was local history, with the percentage at 22%.
动态线图开头段
The graph illustrates changes in average carbon dioxide emissions per person in four different countries from 1967 to 2007.
八、课后任务
- 改写一篇静态柱图：journey to school（重点改分段、冠词、means of transport、hardly 倒装、时态）。
- 新写一篇静态饼图：education center courses（可对照 coffee 范文改写，注意把 modern language 改成复数 courses 以避免三单动词加 s）。
- 新写一篇动态线图：average carbon dioxide emissions per person in four different countries from 1967 to 2007（开头段用 illustrate changes in，按下降组/上升组分段）。
九、方法和词汇
方法总结
- 逐句改错：老师带着学生一句一句看课前作文，现场指出错误并示范。
- 口头复述正确句：学生先自己说一遍应该怎么写，老师再确认。
- 类比说明读者视角：用“老师教学生”解释为什么不能省略关键信息。
- 分组练习：用多个静态/动态图让学生快速判断按最大值或趋势分段。
- 范文迁移：允许学生先抄范文，再替换地名、数据、时间、主语，降低起步难度。
补充词汇
- sales（销量，不可数名词）
- production（产量）
- consumption（消费量）
- profits（利润）
- percentage（百分比）
- proportion（比例）
- number（数量，修饰可数名词）
- amount（数量，修饰不可数名词）
- figure（数据，可数，用 the figure for）
- data / statistics（数据，不可数）