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写作 · 2026-06-26

Lucas同学的课程学习报告

本节课主要围绕雅思写作问题解决类题目展开,重点训练先抽象分类再举例、原因与解决办法匹配、词汇准确替换,以及流程图的基本写法。

学员:Lucas同学 老师:Miya老师 课型:群课05 主题:雅思写作问题解决类提纲、久坐健康问题题目、回收题目与流程图写法

课后复习模块

练过的材料

  • Mobile phones and internet can be of great help to older people, but older people are the group least likely to use them(雅思大作文问题解决/影响类题目):用于训练读题、抽象分类和老年人科技帮助类论证
  • Many students find it harder to study at university or college compared to when they were in school(雅思大作文原因与解决办法题):用于讲解大学学习变难的原因、外部解决方案和学术支持表达
  • Nowadays people spend a great deal of time sitting, leading to health problems. Why does this happen? What are the best ways to encourage people to sit less?(雅思大作文原因与解决办法题):Lucas 的课堂题目,用于讲解久坐题的开头改写、原因段和解决办法
  • In some countries there is not enough recycling of waste materials such as paper, glass and cans(雅思大作文原因与解决办法题):用于讲解回收题原因分类、环保词汇和政府解决办法
  • Pineapple growing and pineapple product manufacturing flow chart(雅思小作文流程图):用于讲解流程图开头、overview、主体段、被动语态和步骤衔接

词汇和表达

  • recipe:菜谱/做法
  • utility bills:水电燃气等日常账单
  • mobile payment:移动支付
  • domestic appliances:家用电器
  • 老年人与科技题目主体段抽象分类句;首先,这类科技可以帮助老年人处理日常问题
  • 写手机和互联网帮助老年人获取天气、菜谱、健康知识等信息;查询信息 / 获取信息

纠错重点

  • {"rawOrIssue": "直接罗列扫码乘车、线上挂号、手机缴费等例子", "correctedOrAdvice": "先抽象分类,如 address daily issues / search for information,再举具体例子。", "reasonOrMemoryTip": "雅思作文喜欢从抽象到具体,否则例子像一盘散沙。", "sourceEvidence": "不要就这么直接开始说...雅思就是喜欢大家从抽象到具体"}
  • {"rawOrIssue": "把查询信息放在解决问题前面", "correctedOrAdvice": "先写解决日常问题,再写查询信息。", "reasonOrMemoryTip": "更重要的内容永远先写。", "sourceEvidence": "哪个更重要,哪个次要永远都是先写更重要的"}
  • {"rawOrIssue": "把舒适便利放在安全健康前面", "correctedOrAdvice": "先写保障安全和健康,再写提升舒适度。", "reasonOrMemoryTip": "对老人来说,先活着、健康地活着,再舒服地活着。", "sourceEvidence": "肯定是健康...现活着是不是再说舒服地活着"}
  • {"rawOrIssue": "menu 表示菜谱", "correctedOrAdvice": "recipe 表示菜谱/做法;menu 是餐厅点菜菜单。", "reasonOrMemoryTip": "menu 是点菜时看菜名,recipe 是做菜步骤。", "sourceEvidence": "menu是外边点菜那菜单儿...菜谱...Recipe"}
  • {"rawOrIssue": "old people", "correctedOrAdvice": "用 elderly, the elderly, senior citizens, retirees, pensioners。", "reasonOrMemoryTip": "old people 可能显得不礼貌或贬损。", "sourceEvidence": "old people...非常不礼貌、非常非常 rude...你得叫elderly"}
  • {"rawOrIssue": "解决老年人不用科技时,先写老人自己要改变", "correctedOrAdvice": "优先写平台,其次家人,最后才写老人自己。", "reasonOrMemoryTip": "解决问题类作文要先向外归因,找更能改变问题的主体。", "sourceEvidence": "平台是应该最先考虑的因为他是最能改变这件事"}

可回读产出

  • 本节课写作文章改进版:{"type": "essay", "question": "Nowadays people spend a great deal of time sitting, leading to health problems. Why does this happen? What are the best ways to encourage people to sit less?", "answer": ["People in modern society tend to lead a sedentary lifestyle, which may cause serious health issues such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This problem is mainly caused by modern work and study patterns, as well as the overuse of technology. However, governments, schools, companies and digital platforms can all take practical steps to encourage people to sit less.", "One primary reason is that excessive work and study assignments require lengthy sitting. Students have to sit for long hours to finish school tasks, while employees often need to stay in front of computers to complete their work. After school or work, many people feel exhausted, so they are even less willing to stand up or exercise. As a result, they may continue sitting during their rest time, forming a vicious cycle. Another reason is that modern technology is highly entertaining and convenient. People may spend hours watching short videos or using social media without realizing how much time has passed. Convenient transport, such as taxis and public transportation, also reduces the amount of walking in daily life.", "To encourage people to sit less, governments should first make sure that schools and companies protect basic rest time. For example, schools should keep regular breaks, PE classes and lunch breaks, while companies should give employees proper lunch breaks instead of asking them to work all the time. Schools and companies can also set up reward systems for people who stand up and move around during breaks. For instance, a company can place the snack bar or coffee area farther away from workstations, so employees need to walk a little when they want to get food or drinks.", "Technology can also be part of the solution. Since screens are one cause of sedentary lifestyles, apps and devices can remind users to stand up after they have watched videos or worked online for a long time. These reminders may not solve the whole problem immediately, but they can help people become more aware of their sitting time and gradually build a healthier routine."], "sourceEvidence": "课堂明确讲到 sedentary lifestyle、diabetes、hypertension、cardiovascular diseases、excessive assignments require lengthy sitting、fatigue、forming a vicious cycle、科技吸引人、交通便利、强制休息、课间/体育课/午休/lunch break、奖励站起来活动、snack bar 放远、科技提醒起身。"}
  • IELTS Writing Task 2:People in modern society tend to lead a sedentary lifestyle, which may cause serious health issues such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This problem is mainly caused by modern work and study patterns, as well as the overuse of technology. However, governments, schools, companies and digital platforms can all take practical steps to encourage people to sit less.;One primary reason is that excessive work and study assignments require lengthy sitting. Students have to sit for long hours to finish school tasks, while employees often need to stay in front of computers to complete their work. After school or work, many people feel exhausted, so they are even less willing to stand up or exercise. As a result, they may continue sitting during their rest time, forming a vicious cycle. Another reason is that modern technology is highly entertaining and convenient. People may spend hours watching short videos or using social media without realizing how much time has passed. Convenient transport, such as taxis and public transportation, also reduces the amount of walking in daily life.

课后动作

  • 把课堂讲过的久坐题按照“原因段 + 解决办法段”重新整理,注意原因不要写成健康结果。
  • 老年人与科技题目重写提纲,先写抽象分类,再放具体例子。
  • 回收题补足解决办法段,保证和原因段长度接近。
  • 流程图课后至少把菠萝流程图示范打一遍。

一、课堂推进时间轴

1

辨析老年人与科技题目的问法

课堂推进:课堂先读题,明确题目问的是手机和互联网可以怎样帮助老年人,不是问老年人为什么不用科技。

老师处理:老师带学生识别题干中的 in what ways,提醒这是影响/帮助类问题,需要回答科技能提供哪些帮助。

学生原始输出:扫码乘车、线上挂号就医、手机缴费、预约政务服务、不用跑腿排队、手机查天气和看菜谱、学习养生知识、智能家电联动操作。

老师示范 / 修改方向:这些例子不能一口气罗列,要先抽象分类,再放具体例子。

复习抓手:in what ways 要回答帮助方式;先抽象分类,再给具体例子;不要把例子直接堆成一串

2

建立老年人与科技题目的主体段分类

课堂推进:老师引导把例子整理成解决日常问题、获取信息,或安全健康、舒适便利两种分类方式。

老师处理:老师把扫码乘车、线上挂号、手机缴费、线上购物等例子归入 transportation、medical issues、payment、shopping 等类别,并比较分类顺序。

学生原始输出:扫码乘车;线上挂号就医;手机缴费;线上购物;查天气;看菜谱;学习养生知识;智能家电联动操作。

老师示范 / 修改方向:更重要的点先写。对老年人来说,解决实际问题比查询信息更重要;安全健康比舒适便利更重要。

复习抓手:重要信息先写;resolve/address daily issues 比单纯 search for information 更核心;健康安全优先于舒适便利

3

补充老年人与科技题目的词汇

课堂推进:课堂积累了老年人、移动支付、水电燃气账单、智能家电等写作词汇。

老师处理:老师解释 old people 不够礼貌,建议用 elderly、the elderly、senior citizens、retirees、pensioners 等表达。

学生原始输出:old people;menu;mobile payment;utility bills;smart domestic appliances。

老师示范 / 修改方向:menu 是餐厅菜单,recipe 才是菜谱;old people 有贬损感,写作中更推荐 elderly / senior citizens。

复习抓手:recipe = 菜谱/做法;utility bills = 水电燃气等账单;elderly / senior citizens = 更礼貌的老年人表达;smart domestic appliances = 智能家电

4

讨论如何鼓励老年人使用科技

课堂推进:老师引导学生从平台、家人、老年人自身三个角度提出解决办法,并强调解决问题要优先向外归因。

老师处理:老师要求先写最能改变问题的一方,即平台,再写家人,最后才写老年人自身。

学生原始输出:开启长辈模式;大字体;高音量;长辈模式;极简模式;关闭弹窗广告无用推送;减少操作难度与干扰;家人从最简单的操作教起;先学打电话、发语音、付款、挂号;多鼓励少指责。

老师示范 / 修改方向:平台可以做 elderly-friendly design,lower the difficulty and reduce disturbance;家人可以 step by step 教老人 make phone calls、send voice messages、make an appointment with the doctor。

复习抓手:解决问题类作文优先写外部支持;平台应降低操作难度、减少干扰;家人应循序渐进教基础功能;多鼓励少指责

5

区分干扰类词汇

课堂推进:课堂区分了 disturb、disrupt、interrupt、bother、harassment 的语义差别,帮助学生准确表达“减少干扰”。

老师处理:老师用课堂场景解释不同动词:interrupt 是打断对话,disturb 是干扰,disrupt 是扰乱稳定,bother 是麻烦别人,harassment 是骚扰。

学生原始输出:disturbance;disturb;disrupt;interrupt;bother;harassment。

老师示范 / 修改方向:在“减少对老年人的干扰”这个语境中,用 reduce disturbance / prevent disturbance 更合适。

复习抓手:interrupt = 打断;disturb = 干扰;disrupt = 扰乱/破坏稳定;bother = 打扰、麻烦别人;harassment = 骚扰

6

点评大学学习变难题目的提纲

课堂推进:老师点评另一位同学关于大学学习更难的题纲,重点讲原因和解决办法要匹配。

老师处理:老师指出“学习自主性提高”表述不准确,应改成“大学教育要求更强的学习自主性,而高中阶段没有训练过”。

学生原始输出:学习自主性提高;中学有老师全程监督固定作业反复刷题;大学几乎全靠自学;学生容易拖延;课程更专业、更抽象;学生提升自律能力。

老师示范 / 修改方向:可以写 tertiary education requires stronger self-discipline / academic autonomy;拖延用 procrastination,不是 delay。

复习抓手:self-study 不等于自主学习;self-discipline / academic autonomy 更贴近自律和学习自主性;procrastination = 无正当理由拖延;解决办法不要只让学生自己解决

7

补充大学学习题目的解决办法

课堂推进:老师示范把解决办法放到学校、高中衔接和大学支持系统上,而不是简单要求学生自己努力。

老师处理:老师建议大学提供 tutor、senior students、office hours、writing centers、workshops,也可以从高中阶段加入学习方法训练。

学生原始输出:学校提供更多学术支持;组织活动;指导课;辅导小组;高中也应该做衔接。

老师示范 / 修改方向:学校可以组织 instructional sessions with senior students、increase office hours、set up writing centers、hold workshops。

复习抓手:解决问题类要搭梯子;大学可提供学术支持;高中也可提前训练学习方法;原因与解决办法要一一对应

8

点评 Lucas 久坐健康问题题目

课堂推进:老师开始讲 Lucas 的题目:现代人久坐导致健康问题,要求分析原因和鼓励少坐的办法。

老师处理:老师先改写题目关键词,示范把 spend a great deal of time sitting 升级为 lead a sedentary lifestyle。

学生原始输出:Nowadays people spend a great deal of time sitting leading to health problems. Why does this happen? What are the best ways to encourage people to sit less?

老师示范 / 修改方向:people in modern society lead a sedentary lifestyle;health problems 可以换成 health issues,并举 diabetes、hypertension、cardiovascular diseases。

复习抓手:lead/live a sedentary lifestyle = 过久坐不动的生活;health issues = 健康问题;diabetes = 糖尿病;hypertension = 高血压;cardiovascular diseases = 心血管疾病

9

Lucas 题目原因段诊断

课堂推进:老师认可过量工作和学习任务会导致久坐,但提醒原因段不能写成健康后果,也建议补充科技和现代竞争。

老师处理:老师把 excessive assignments、lengthy sitting、fatigue、vicious cycle 等表达整理出来,并指出健康疾病应放在开头背景,不应放在原因段继续写结果。

学生原始输出:原因是过量的工作和学习任务导致他每日久坐;休息后因为累只能坐着;形成恶性循环;缺乏运动量导致高血压血糖心外缺;肌肉萎缩;骨质疏松。

老师示范 / 修改方向:原因段可以写 excessive work and study assignments require lengthy sitting;after work or school people feel exhausted, forming a vicious cycle;科技和交通便利也会让人更久坐。

复习抓手:excessive = 过量的;assignments = 任务/作业;lengthy sitting = 长时间坐着;fatigue = 疲劳;forming a vicious cycle = 形成恶性循环;原因段不要写成结果段

10

Lucas 题目解决办法调整

课堂推进:老师指出“政府减少工作量”不现实,建议改成政府、学校、公司通过休息制度、课程、奖励和科技提醒来鼓励人们少坐。

老师处理:老师把解决办法改成强制休息、课间、体育课、午休、lunch break、奖励站起来活动的人、把 snack bar 放远、用科技提醒起身活动。

学生原始输出:政府出台政策减少每日的工作量;学校可以发放设定奖励;奖励站立活动时间长的人;公司学校设立一些课程。

老师示范 / 修改方向:政府不一定能直接减少工作量,但可以要求课间、体育课、午休和 lunch break;公司和学校可以奖励休息时主动起来活动的人;科技可以提醒已经看屏幕很久的人起来走一走。

复习抓手:解决办法要现实;政府可制定休息制度;公司和学校可设置激励机制;科技也可以成为解决久坐的工具

11

点评回收题目的原因分类

课堂推进:老师点评回收题目,肯定用发达国家和发展中国家分类的思路,并补充成本、产业链和意识问题的表达。

老师处理:老师讲解 labor cost、raw materials、exceed、surpass、environmentally friendly、prioritize A over B 等表达。

学生原始输出:在发达国家缺少回收是因为人力成本比原材料成本大很多;公司为了利润放弃环保回收;轻工业产品进口;人们不愿购买回收生产的商品;发展中国家人力便宜但没有分类意识。

老师示范 / 修改方向:可以写 labor costs significantly exceed raw material costs;corporations prioritize profits over environmentally friendly recycling;absence of awareness of garbage sorting。

复习抓手:labor cost = 人力成本;raw materials = 原材料;significantly exceed / surpass = 明显超过;environmentally friendly = 环境友好的;prioritize A over B = 更重视 A 而不是 B;garbage sorting = 垃圾分类

12

补足回收题目的解决办法

课堂推进:老师提醒原因和解决办法长度要平衡,并示范政府如何用宣传、技术、法规、税收和补贴解决回收问题。

老师处理:老师指出解决办法太少会虎头蛇尾,要求对应前面原因逐一解决。

学生原始输出:政府可以引进回收技术;制定法规;减免部分税收;提供政府补贴。

老师示范 / 修改方向:政府可以 put up posters、distribute brochures、invite specialists to hold lectures、offer free consultation;也可以 introduce/research recycling technologies,establish/implement/enforce strict laws and regulations,provide tax incentives and subsidies。

复习抓手:原因和解决办法要长度相近;宣传可提升 awareness;技术问题可用 introduce / research into technologies;法律手段可用 legislative measures;tax incentives = 税收优惠;subsidies = 政府补贴

13

流程图写作入门

课堂推进:课程最后讲了流程图,老师用菠萝种植和加工图说明开头、总览和主体段写法。

老师处理:老师讲解 diagram / flow chart、illustrate、process of doing / how something is done、overall 模板,以及一般现在时被动语态。

学生原始输出:pineapple;flow chart;diagram;How pineapple are grown;process of preparing pineapple products。

老师示范 / 修改方向:开头可写 the flow chart illustrates how pineapples are grown and how pineapple products are prepared;总览可写整个流程包含两个按顺序的阶段:原材料收集和原材料加工。

复习抓手:流程图开头要改写 diagram / flow chart;show 可换 illustrate;the process of doing 可换 how something is done;流程图主体多用一般现在时被动语态;图上每个信息都尽量写到作文里

14

流程图主体段细节与衔接

课堂推进:老师继续示范流程图细节:数字、单位、步骤、分类、包装和运输都要写,并用 after which、then、before being done 连接步骤。

老师处理:老师示范 under the sun、23-30 degrees Celsius、26 cm spacing、chemical solution、harvested、washed、categorized、peeled、cored、fed into an extractor、packed into a box with a straw、shipped overseas 等表达。

学生原始输出:23到30摄氏度;26厘米;seven months;chemical solution;extractor;juice;straw;can;ship;container。

老师示范 / 修改方向:所有数字和单位中间要有空格;不知道具体容器名时可以用 container;小船是 boat,大船是 ship;流程图尽量把步骤连成较长句。

复习抓手:数字和单位之间要有空格;container 可泛指容器;boat 和 ship 不同;after which 连接下一步骤;before being done 连接后续处理;then + 过去分词可继续串流程

二、本节课亮点表现

学会判断题目真正问什么:老年人与科技题目问的是“科技如何帮助老年人”,不是“为什么老年人不用科技”。

反复训练了写作中的核心逻辑:先给抽象分类,再放具体例子。

Lucas 的久坐题目获得了开头改写、原因段诊断和解决办法调整。

补充了大量雅思写作可直接使用的词汇和表达,如 sedentary lifestyle、excessive assignments、vicious cycle、tax incentives、subsidies。

最后补讲流程图写作,重点是一般现在时被动语态、图中信息不遗漏、步骤之间自然衔接。

三、本节课用了哪些材料

四、学生课堂输出

老年人与科技题目例子

扫码乘车、线上挂号就医、手机缴费、预约政务服务、不用跑腿排队、手机查天气和看菜谱、学习养生知识、智能家电联动操作。

鼓励老年人使用科技的解决办法

开启长辈模式;大字体;高音量;长辈模式;极简模式;关闭弹窗广告无用推送;减少操作难度与干扰。

大学学习变难题目原因

学习自主性提高;中学有老师全程监督固定作业反复刷题;大学几乎全靠自学;没人督促学生容易拖延;课程更专业、更抽象。

Lucas 久坐题目原题

Nowadays people spend a great deal of time sitting leading to health problems.Why does this happen? What are the best ways to encourage people to sit less?

Lucas 久坐题目原因

原因是过量的工作和学习任务导致他每日久坐;休息后因为累只能坐着;形成恶性循环;缺乏运动量导致了高血压血糖心外缺;肌肉萎缩;骨质疏松。

Lucas 久坐题目解决办法

政府出台政策减少每日的工作量;学校可以发放设定奖励;奖励站立活动时间长的人;学校设立一些课程公司设的一些奖励机制。

回收题目原因

在发达国家缺少回收是因为人力成本比原材料成本大很多;公司为了利润放弃环保回收;轻工业产品进口;人们不愿购买回收生产的商品;发展中国家人力便宜但没有垃圾分类意识。

流程图课堂材料

pineapple;flow chart;diagram;How pineapple are grown;process of preparing pineapple products;23到30摄氏度;26厘米;seven months;chemical solution;extractor;juice;straw;can;ship;container。

五、本节课写作文章改进版

按课堂已讲方向整理的 Lucas 久坐题课后复习改进版;逐字稿主要讲了提纲、词汇和论证方向,没有出现完整最终定稿,因此以下内容只使用课堂明确支持的观点与表达整理。

Nowadays people spend a great deal of time sitting, leading to health problems. Why does this happen? What are the best ways to encourage people to sit less?

People in modern society tend to lead a sedentary lifestyle, which may cause serious health issues such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This problem is mainly caused by modern work and study patterns, as well as the overuse of technology. However, governments, schools, companies and digital platforms can all take practical steps to encourage people to sit less.

One primary reason is that excessive work and study assignments require lengthy sitting. Students have to sit for long hours to finish school tasks, while employees often need to stay in front of computers to complete their work. After school or work, many people feel exhausted, so they are even less willing to stand up or exercise. As a result, they may continue sitting during their rest time, forming a vicious cycle. Another reason is that modern technology is highly entertaining and convenient. People may spend hours watching short videos or using social media without realizing how much time has passed. Convenient transport, such as taxis and public transportation, also reduces the amount of walking in daily life.

To encourage people to sit less, governments should first make sure that schools and companies protect basic rest time. For example, schools should keep regular breaks, PE classes and lunch breaks, while companies should give employees proper lunch breaks instead of asking them to work all the time. Schools and companies can also set up reward systems for people who stand up and move around during breaks. For instance, a company can place the snack bar or coffee area farther away from workstations, so employees need to walk a little when they want to get food or drinks.

Technology can also be part of the solution. Since screens are one cause of sedentary lifestyles, apps and devices can remind users to stand up after they have watched videos or worked online for a long time. These reminders may not solve the whole problem immediately, but they can help people become more aware of their sitting time and gradually build a healthier routine.

六、本节课纠错

原句问题推荐表达记忆方法

七、定稿作文 / 改写方向

IELTS Writing Task 2 课后复习改进版,非课堂逐句最终定稿

People in modern society tend to lead a sedentary lifestyle, which may cause serious health issues such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This problem is mainly caused by modern work and study patterns, as well as the overuse of technology. However, governments, schools, companies and digital platforms can all take practical steps to encourage people to sit less.

One primary reason is that excessive work and study assignments require lengthy sitting. Students have to sit for long hours to finish school tasks, while employees often need to stay in front of computers to complete their work. After school or work, many people feel exhausted, so they are even less willing to stand up or exercise. As a result, they may continue sitting during their rest time, forming a vicious cycle. Another reason is that modern technology is highly entertaining and convenient. People may spend hours watching short videos or using social media without realizing how much time has passed. Convenient transport, such as taxis and public transportation, also reduces the amount of walking in daily life.

To encourage people to sit less, governments should first make sure that schools and companies protect basic rest time. For example, schools should keep regular breaks, PE classes and lunch breaks, while companies should give employees proper lunch breaks instead of asking them to work all the time. Schools and companies can also set up reward systems for people who stand up and move around during breaks. For instance, a company can place the snack bar or coffee area farther away from workstations, so employees need to walk a little when they want to get food or drinks.

Technology can also be part of the solution. Since screens are one cause of sedentary lifestyles, apps and devices can remind users to stand up after they have watched videos or worked online for a long time. These reminders may not solve the whole problem immediately, but they can help people become more aware of their sitting time and gradually build a healthier routine.

八、课后任务

九、方法和词汇

方法总结

  • 先抽象后具体
  • 重要内容前置
  • 解决问题类向外归因
  • 原因和解决办法一一对应
  • 原因段不要写结果
  • 扣住 nowadays
  • 流程图用一般现在时被动语态
  • 流程图信息不遗漏
  • 用 after which / then + 过去分词 / before being done 串联步骤

补充词汇

  • considerable / massive / substantial:大量的
  • conceptual / abstract:概念性的 / 抽象的
  • paper / dissertation:论文 / 毕业论文
  • workshops:工作坊/辅导小组
  • sustainable awareness:可持续意识/环保意识
  • contaminated:被污染的
  • legislative measures:法律手段
  • levy:惩罚性税收/征税
  • cultivate crops:种植农作物
  • chemical solution:化学溶液
  • promote their growth:促进它们生长
  • fully grown / mature:完全长成的/成熟的
  • categorized according to size:按大小分类
  • peel / core:去皮 / 去芯
  • extractor:榨汁机/提取设备
  • straw:吸管
  • ship overseas:运往海外/出口