练过的材料
- 课堂板书:多线交叉示意图(蓝/红/黄/灰)
- 剑桥雅思 meat 线图示例(beef / chicken / fish)
写作 · 2026-02-03
雅思小作文线图(line graph)写作:焦点(交叉、相遇)、波动描述与语法升级
课堂推进:老师先带学生回顾小作文的两大类型:动态图(动图)和静态图(静图)。动态图主要按上升、下降、不变三种趋势分段,得分关键在于换主语。线图(line graph,线形图)本质上和柱图一样,都是动态图。
老师处理:回顾动态图/静态图分类,说明线图和柱图在写法上的同构性。
学生原始输出:嗯。
复习抓手:小作文分动图和静图;线图就是动态图;动图按趋势分段;换主语是得分点
课堂推进:线图虽然看起来有很多点,但不需要每个点都报。老师强调只写起点、终点和极值点(peak/valley,最高点/最低点),中间拐点简单带过即可。
老师处理:讲解线图数据点的取舍原则。
学生原始输出:嗯,对。
复习抓手:线图只报起点、终点、极值点;中间拐点简单提
课堂推进:老师指出:只有线图会出现交点(intersection point,交叉点),这是线图独有的得分项。交点分为“交叉一次”和“交叉多次”;如果多次交叉,只报最后一次。
老师处理:引入线图交点概念,区分单次交叉与多次交叉。
学生原始输出:嗯。
复习抓手:只有线图有交点;单次交叉 vs 多次交叉;多次交叉只报最后一次
课堂推进:老师讲交叉焦点的基本说法:主动语态用 a exceeded/surpassed b(A超过B),被动语态用 b was exceeded/surpassed by a(B被A超过)。两个动词可以替换使用,避免重复。
老师处理:讲解主动/被动两种基本句式,示范 exceeded 与 surpassed 替换。
学生原始输出:嗯。
老师示范 / 修改方向:主动:A exceeded / surpassed B。被动:B was exceeded / surpassed by A。
复习抓手:exceeded 和 surpassed 都表示超过;主动被动都要会写;同一段中可替换动词避免重复
课堂推进:当一根线(比如蓝线)先后与多根线相交时,老师建议选这根线当主语,把多个交点合并成一句。这样主语和谓语只需写一遍,表达更简洁。连接两个动作可用 and then / and subsequently / after which。
老师处理:示范如何以一条线为主语合并多个交点;引入连接词 and then / and subsequently / after which。
学生原始输出:嗯,对。
老师示范 / 修改方向:蓝 exceeded 红,and then 黄。(完整版:The annual amount of meat eaten per person in Brazil exceeded that in Kenya, and subsequently that in China.)
复习抓手:选共同涉及的那根线做主语;and then / and subsequently 表顺承;after which 可接从句
课堂推进:老师讲解交点句子的主语怎么写:不能直接写“中国超过美国”,而要用图标题里的对象 + in + 国家/类别。前面的词直接抄原题,只把国家名换掉,这样主语既准确又不用自己造。
老师处理:讲解主语结构:图标题对象 + in + 国家,示范如何替换国家名。
学生原始输出:我理解这意思。
老师示范 / 修改方向:以 meat 图为例:The annual amount of meat eaten per person in China...
复习抓手:主语用图标题对象 + in + 国家;前面词抄原题,只换国家名;不要自己写 China exceeded USA
课堂推进:雅萱同学尝试说出主语结构,但漏掉了关键名词 amount。老师肯定她删去 in kilograms 的做法是对的,因为只有在报数值时才需要单位。
老师处理:听学生输出,纠正缺少 amount 的问题,并解释 in kilograms 何时写。
学生原始输出:The annual of meat eaten per person。
老师示范 / 修改方向:正确:The annual amount of meat eaten per person in...(in kilograms 只在报数值时写)
复习抓手:amount 不能漏;in kilograms 只在报数值时出现
课堂推进:老师说明焦点句要放在第二段末尾,等该组颜色/对象的数据(起点、终点、极值点)都报完了再写。为了避免重复,可用 that 指代前面出现过的单数名词结构,保留介词,只换国家名。
老师处理:讲解焦点句位置;示范用 that 做代词替换,避免重复主语结构。
学生原始输出:嗯。
老师示范 / 修改方向:The annual amount of meat eaten per person in Brazil exceeded that in Kenya, after which it was surpassed by that in China.
复习抓手:焦点写在数据报完之后;that 指代前面单数名词结构;保留介词,只换国家/类别
课堂推进:老师强调焦点也要用时间证明,年份前可用 around / about / approximately(大约)修饰。另外可在焦点句前加 It is noteworthy that...(值得注意的是……)主语从句,提示考官注意这个交点。
老师处理:讲解焦点时间表达和 noteworthy 从句的用法与位置。
学生原始输出:嗯。
老师示范 / 修改方向:It is noteworthy that the annual amount of meat eaten per person in Brazil exceeded that in Kenya in around 1972, after which it was surpassed by that in China in approximately 1990.
复习抓手:焦点时间用 around / about / approximately;It is noteworthy that 引导主语从句;noteworthy 提示考官注意不易察觉的交点
课堂推进:老师介绍第二种焦点——相遇(reach the same level,达到同一水平)。如果相遇发生在最后,可用 by the end of the given period(在所示时间段末尾)。为展示语法范围,可把一般过去时 reach 升级为过去完成时 had reached。
老师处理:讲解相遇焦点的表达,示范一般过去时升级为过去完成时。
学生原始输出:嗯。
老师示范 / 修改方向:By the end of the given period, A and B had reached the same level.
复习抓手:相遇用 reach the same level;by the end of 接过去完成时 had reached;丰富时态可加分
课堂推进:老师提醒:真实考试中的线图可能有波动(fluctuation,上下颤动),不是简单的上升下降。描述波动可用 with some fluctuation。如果句子已有 with a peak at,为避免重复,可用 peaking at 或 which peaked at 来表达波峰。
老师处理:讲解波动描述和 peaking at / which peaked at 的用法区别。
学生原始输出:嗯。
老师示范 / 修改方向:Beef showed a downward trend with some fluctuation throughout the given period, peaking at around 90 kg in 1980. / Beef showed a downward trend, which peaked at around 90 kg in 1980, with some fluctuation throughout the given period.
复习抓手:fluctuation 表示波动;with some fluctuation 加在趋势句后;peaking at 主语须含对象名;which peaked at 可加从句
课堂推进:老师总结:线图因为能写焦点和波动,分数上限高于柱图、表格、饼图。但考场上要会取舍:一句话已经充分展示会写焦点时,不必为了写全所有焦点而增加出错风险。
老师处理:总结线图分数上限与考场取舍策略。
学生原始输出:嗯。
复习抓手:线图分数上限高;会写焦点就展示一句;不要为了写全而增加错误
线图(line graph)只有动态图,是小作文中分数上限最高的题型之一。
交叉焦点可用主动 + 被动合并一句,展示语法多样性。
用 that 指代重复的主语结构,避免句子啰嗦。
焦点句放在数据报完之后,时间前加 around / about / approximately(大约)。
相遇焦点可用过去完成时 had reached,配合 by the end of the given period(在所示时间段末尾)。
波动用 with some fluctuation 描述;波峰可用 peaking at 或 which peaked at 替换 with a peak at。
学生尝试说出主语,漏掉了 amount;老师现场纠正。
The annual of meat eaten per person。
按课堂已讲方向整理的课后复习改进版。课堂未形成完整定稿,本版聚焦线图交点、相遇与波动三种得分写法,供雅萱同学课后对照复习。
The line graph shows how the amount of meat eaten per person changed in several countries over the given period.
Overall, most categories saw an upward trend, while one category experienced a slight decrease.
The amount of meat eaten per person in China started at around 20 kg and then rose steadily to approximately 60 kg at the end of the period, almost tripling over the period.
It is noteworthy that the annual amount of meat eaten per person in Brazil exceeded that in Kenya in around 1972, after which it was surpassed by that in China in approximately 1990.
By the end of the given period, the consumption of chicken and beef had reached the same level.
Beef, by contrast, showed a downward trend, with some fluctuation throughout the given period, peaking at around 90 kg in 1980 before dropping to roughly 50 kg by the end of the period.
| 原句问题 | 推荐表达 | 记忆方法 |
|---|---|---|
| The annual of meat eaten per person。 | The annual amount of meat eaten per person in... |
小作文 line graph 示例段落 复习改进版(课堂未产出完整定稿)
本节课以技法讲解为主,未要求学生写完整文章。上述改进版按老师所讲结构整理,用于课后复习。