学术阅读:Behavioral Economics and Decision Making(行为经济学与决策)
课堂推进:读行为经济学段落,理解传统经济学假设 vs 现实中认知偏见、情绪和社会压力的影响;重点学习 loss aversion(损失厌恶)、anchoring effect(锚定效应)和 behavioral nudges(行为助推)。
老师处理:讲解 classical economic theory(传统经济理论)、rational(理性的)、weighing cost and benefit(权衡成本与收益)、utility(收益/效用)、challenge(挑战)、cognitive biases(认知偏见)、emotional states(情绪状态)、social pressure(社会压力)、loss aversion(损失厌恶)、asymmetry(不对称)、anchoring effect(锚定效应)、behavioral nudges(行为助推)、opt-out/opt-in(默认退出/默认加入)、organ donation(器官捐献);让学生跟读并做前两题。
学生原始输出:学生朗读:'classic economic assessment the individual make original decision by careful weight cost and the benefit to maximize the personal unit, unite... Behavior economists changes assessment... cognitive biases, emotional states, social pressure, and the lead. Predictable irrational choices... loss aversion... feel pain of losing something about twice as individual as the pleasure... hold losing stock too long... lock it then... anchoring effect... first piece of information... up out rather than up in default... several country.' 学生回答:'rational 是合理的,而 loss aversion 是不合理的... 应该选 C,the tendency to feel loss more intensely' 'they work by changing how options are framed rather than eliminating choices' '举了个例子,他怎么可以在现实生活中被使用的?'
老师示范 / 修改方向:老师纠正:'make rational decisions' 不是 original decision;'maximize personal utility' 不是 unit/unite;'behavioral economics challenges this assumption' 不是 changes assessment;'predictably irrational choices';'twice as intensely' 不是 individual;'lock in gains' 不是 lock it then;'opt-out rather than opt-in' 不是 up out/up in。解释 loss aversion 选 C,nudge 选 B,器官捐献例子是说明现实应用。
复习抓手:loss aversion:失去的痛苦 ≈ 得到快乐的两倍;anchoring effect:第一印象会影响判断;behavioral nudge:不改变选项,只改变呈现方式;opt-out 默认同意 vs opt-in 默认不同意